Teaching Workload Planner

This customizable Teaching Workload Planner was designed by Loleen Berdahl, the executive director of the Johnson Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy (Universities of Saskatchewan and Regina) to help faculty work through a personal plan for navigating their teaching load.

This document provides a list of considerations for planning out your teaching workload by dividing task amongst two categories; “Things within my personal control” and “Opportunities to streamline my workload”. Embedded within the document are resources such as a:

Interactive Lecturing

In the book,  Instructional Moves for Powerful Teaching in Higher Education, there is a chapter on the advantages of interactive lectures. The writers note, “a traditional lecture may feel like an effective, efficient means of communicating information, but when instructors use class time to only profess what they know without interruption, this deprives students of opportunities to think critically about that information and meaningfully apply it”.

Interactive lecturing is defined by Elizabeth Barkley and Claire Major in their book of the same name as  “the process of combining engaging presentations with carefully selected active learning methods to achieve intended learning goals.”

The chapter focuses on ways to dedicate class time to repeated practice with skills. For example

  • Providing students with a “Preview of Class” slide, which offers students a snapshot of what to expect during course. (This is an advance organizer)

  • A reflective question that allows students to think about the items mentioned in the preview slide and time to write down what they know about the topic based on their own experiences (Activating prior knowledge).

  • The instructor allows a few students to share their reflections, and where possible, makes connections between their reflections and the required reading. As the lecture continues (over 3 hours) she continues to highlight connections. “Over time, students’ comments become increasingly stitched into the lesson’s tapestry”.

Other considerations shared in the chapter are:

  • Keep lectures brief. Resist the urge to lecture expansively. Few students can sustain interest and attention during them. Opting for shorter lectures—or brief bursts of lecture throughout lessons—can maintain student engagement and help students better access your expertise. You might also consider the benefits of an “unpolished lecture” for the lesson or your discipline.

  • Guide students into lectures. Give students time to arrive at a place of focus. Activate students’ prior knowledge. Center their experiences. Invite students to position themselves within a lecture’s key questions, problems, and concepts. Steps like these can provide helpful scaffolding before a lecture, allowing students to better access new information.

  • Offer students multiple ways to engage…from quiet reflection and small group discussion to a metacognitive exercise. Consider interspersing lectures with a similar level of variety to keep students on their toes and welcome all types of learners into lessons.

  • Exercise transparency with students. Demystify your field—and your teaching practice—by exposing your thought processes and rationales to students. Use lectures to model how experts think through problems in their disciplines. In addition, making clear why a particular assignment holds value for one’s intellectual development can improve student motivation.

  • Try metacognition. Successful students self-regulate and are highly attuned to their thought processes. This helps them to focus during class and persist through challenging content and tasks. Kimberly Tanner recommends explicitly teaching students metacognitive strategies like keeping reflective journals or having students track confusion in their thinking. You might also try modeling metacognitive processes yourself during your lectures.

  • Tell stories that stick. The stories we tell our students can mean the difference in their understanding and retaining a given concept. Humor, when deployed appropriately, can have the same effect Make your stories conversational but concise, as too many details may distract from key points and keep students from seeing their conceptual relevance.

The book is one of many resources connected to the Instructional Moves (IM) website based at Harvard University’s School of Education. The goal of IM is to help you incorporate and refine high-leverage teaching practices tailored to the higher education context. Other features include:

Exam Debrief

Dawn M. Wiggins, a faculty member in the Mathematics Department at Illinois Valley Community College, argues that exam debriefs can help students see how self-defeating behaviors can negatively affect their results on an exam.  However, the debrief she describes (including the questions she asked (see: https://oncourseworkshop.com/self-awareness/exam-debrief/)) goes beyond providing students with the correct answer on the test.

Why use an exam debrief?

Favero & Hendricks, H. (2016) explain that exam debriefs offer faculty the opportunity to confront study strategy issues as well as garner an understanding of misconceptions students may hold about the content. Wiggins shares, “I think there is a window of opportunity immediately following an exam to help students identify the things they did to prepare for the exam and the things that they could do better the next time”.  Further, exam debriefs offer students the opportunity to think critically about their experience on the exam, as well as gain a better understanding of their learning process.

What is the process for debriefing an exam?

Weimer (2018) has summarized Favero & Hendricks he exam debriefing (ED) process:

Part 1: Students looked carefully at the questions they missed and tried to determine why each question was missed. 
Part 2: Students then examined the questions to see if there was a pattern emerging. Did they miss questions for the same reason?
Part 3: Students prepared a brief description of how they studied for the exam, including the amount of time devoted to studying.
Part 4: Based on the information gleaned so far, students identified what changes they thought they could make that might help them better prepare for the next exam. They were given a list of areas where changes could be made:

  • time on task, 

    1. attending to detail, 

    2. using active learning strategies, and 

    3. general study habits. 

  • (Examples were given in each of these areas; see additional questions in the example linked above).

In the ED process students selected the behavior changes they believed they needed to make. All selected options from the active learning category in part, the authors believe, because those activities were demonstrated, modeled, and used in class. For example, many students reported using flashcards but only as devices that helped them memorize details like definitions. In class, Favero used an activity with flashcards in their human anatomy course that showed students how flashcards can be used more fruitfully to show relationships between, in this case, anatomical structure and function.

Suggestions from implementing an exam debrief (from McGill University)

  • Include a debrief questionnaire on the last page of the exam.

  • Distribute a debrief questionnaire when corrected exams are returned.

  • Allow class time to fill out a debrief questionnaire.

  • Make the debrief questionnaire an online assignment.

Additional Resources:

2023 State of Student Success and Engagement in Higher Education

Instructure, the company that created Canvas, has released the report: The 2023 State of Student Success and Engagement in Higher Education. They worked with Hanover Research to field a survey in 17 countries, asking for the perspectives of 6,100 current students, administrators, and faculty from 2-year, 4-year, public, and private higher education institutions in order to answer the following questions:

  • Are students satisfied with the existing skills-based learning opportunities for lifelong learning?

  • What tools best support student success and engagement and how can they be leveraged across the education landscape?

  • With technology being so immersed in the student experience, how can institutions address barriers to access and provide educators with the support they need inside and outside the classroom

  • How are faculty across the globe being supported through changes in their industry?

The key takeaways are:

 

Skills-based learning is becoming the most valued for its practical application in the workforce. 

As the workforce shifts and more jobs go remote, the need for students to demonstrate proof of skills to potential employers increases. Career advancement and the desire to learn new skills are most likely to influence students to pursue a skills-based learning opportunity, along with cost and program flexibility. Students increasingly desire courses and programs that undoubtedly prepare them for the workforce and expect educators to make more personalized courses, offer hands-on, practical learning opportunities, and support on-the-go learners.

Certificates and apprenticeship programs are becoming highly valued by both students and employers for their demonstrable proof of workplace skills, and upskilling/ reskilling for lifelong learners.

Longer life expectancy, education costs, and changes in the workplace are driving a fundamental shift toward lifelong learning. As more students seek skills-based learning opportunities to supplement their traditional degrees and ensure return on their educational investment, colleges and universities can adapt their offerings to meet this need. Of the skills-based learning opportunities institutions currently offer for lifelong learning, students are most likely to consider certificates and apprenticeships. Viewed positively by three-quarters of respondents, certificates and apprenticeships can serve as viable vehicles for the practical skills learners need for career readiness and advancement.

Schools need to provide consistent guidelines and training around generative AI for educators and students or risk a growing divide in skill development.

While technology played a vital role in getting students and educators through

the pandemic, AI has introduced a growing divide in the adoption of tech tools in the classroom. Through guidelines and training for generative AI, colleges and universities have an opportunity to aid educators in driving consistency for learners. Despite the building interest in generative AI, these tools have yet to be used consistently across institutions, with only one-quarter of educators currently using them. The top concerns educators have about using AI in classrooms are cheating/plagiarism and decreased creativity/critical thinking among students – who also use AI for research, writing and test preparation. Instead of hyper-focusing on cheating, educators should shift their focus to new assessment methods and productive uses of generative AI tools. Otherwise, they risk losing tech-native students and an opportunity to prepare them for future jobs that will leverage advanced technology.

Access to technology has the greatest impact on student success and engagement, but we haven’t solved the accessibility gap for many learners.

One of the silver linings of the pandemic was the increase in accessibility delivered through technology. However, as technology and education evolve, institutions risk widening the gap in accessibility for students with little or no access to technology, edtech tools, and reliable Wi-Fi or broadband connections. Learning management systems are among the most used edtech solutions, which most students and educators say are being used to increase accessibility. Although institutions provide technology equipment to students who cannot access it, offer hybrid learning options, and provide mobile app access to the LMS, accessing technology remains one of the biggest roadblocks for many students.

Students and educators value mental health resources, but really want time off.

Psychological well-being and access to mental health resources greatly impact student engagement and faculty support. Many institutions provide mental health resources that can be accessed through LMS integrations and partnerships, but a good portion of students are unaware of or unable to leverage these resources. Today, the top mental health resource offered by institutions is in-person/virtual counseling, but what students and educators want most are personal/ mental health days off to recharge.

Educators feel most empowered when they are given autonomy, respect, and holistic support.

Today’s educators are dealing with bigger classes, more regulation, and demands for greater flexibility from students in how they want to learn. They would like most for their institutions to offer additional personal development, acknowledge/award their achievements, and provide them with opportunities to give feedback. Educators feel most empowered by their institution when they are given autonomy and respect in their position and feel as though their physical and mental health is cared for. Currently, the top professional development opportunities available to educators through institutions are technology training and diversity, equity and

inclusion (DEI) training

Related Resource:

 

Quick Tip: Course Map Guides

A course map is a visual representation of the ways in which your course instruction and assignments align with the learning objectives. Mapping your course allows you to identify where students are learning key concepts and skills, and to make decisions about formative and summative assessments. This Online Course Mapping Guide https://www.coursemapguide.com/ developed at UC San Diego, provides faculty with resources and templates for online course development, beginning with a curriculum analysis and resulting in a course map that displays the alignment of all components of a course.